Holocaust – Jewish Emigration From Nazi Germany

At the time of the Nazi takeover in 1933, there were over 500,000 Jews in Germany.  Initially, the Nazis encouraged emigration from Germany but placed few restrictions on the amount of property Jews could take with them.  Over time, however, the German government imposed ever-increasing emigration taxes and restrictions on the amount of money that could be transferred abroad from Germany.  By November 1938, about 150,000 Jews (30% of the original population) had left Germany. After Kristallnacht, an additional 150,000 were left.  The following table from the Encyclopedia Judaica details the countries where these Jews emigrated.

The first example is a passport issued in Vienna on October 19, 1938, to a Chaune Puder.  Notice that this passport was issued before the date that the name “Sara” had to be included in the names of Jewish women.  On April 6, 1939, she was granted a visa in Vienna for the United Kingdom.  On May 17, 1939, she was granted a transit visa by the Belgian Counsel in Vienna.  She arrived in Belgium on June 6, 1939, and landed in Dover, England, on June 11, 1939.   Below are thumbnails of pages from the passport.  The first thumbnail is the first page of the passport with the red “J” for Juden.  The second thumbnail is page 2 of the passport with the picture of Ms. Puder.  The third thumbnail is page 8 of the passport with the Belgian transit visa.  The final thumbnail is page 9 of the passport with the visa from the United Kingdom.  Please click on the thumbnail to see the full image, and then click your back key or “Example 1” in the left frame to return.

Visit the website for the original article and see also a gallery of several documents.

Holocaust – Jewish Emigration From Nazi Germany

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